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Showing posts with label Pregnancy. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Pregnancy. Show all posts

NUTS DURING PREGNANCY CAN REDUCE ASTHMA RISK FOR KIDS

Posted by Elizebath Bijoy Saturday, September 8, 2012 0 comments

London: A new research has suggested eating nuts during pregnancy could reduce the risk of children developing asthma.

Contrary to common opinion, eating nuts during pregnancy is not harmful to children and could, in fact, benefit their health, Daily Express reported Wednesday.

In the study, published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, researchers examined the relation between nut intake during pregnancy and allergic disease outcomes in early and later childhood of their offspring.

The data was provided from over 61,000 women, who were part of the Danish National Birth Cohort.

Results showed mothers who ate nuts at least once a week during pregnancy were less likely to have kids suffering from asthma.

PREGNANT WOMEN WITH DIABETES PRONE FOR CHILD BIRTH DEFECTS

Posted by Elizebath Bijoy Saturday, April 7, 2012 0 comments

New Delhi:Pregnant women with diabetes are more likely to have birth defects than women without the condition, a study by a Britain-based major research-intensive university said here Wednesday.

'The study led by Newcastle University and funded by Diabetes UK, for the first time has evidence that quantifies the effect of glucose levels. The blood glucose level around the time of conception is the key factor predicting the risk of congenial anomaly,' a statement from Newcastle University that has published the study said.

The study carried out in mainly white women in England suggested that as many as one in 13 deliveries to women with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes involved a major congenital anomaly, also known as a birth defect.

'The researchers have found that during pregnancy, a woman with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes has a risk of a birth defect which is about seven percent, as compared to an average of around two percent in women without diabetes,' the study said.

The study involved an investigation of the recorded outcomes of 401,149 pregnancies, including 1,677 pregnancies in women with diabetes, between 1996 and 2008 in the north of England.

'The good news is that, with expert help before and during pregnancy, most women with diabetes will have a healthy baby. The risk of problems can be reduced by taking extra care to have optimum glucose control before becoming pregnant,' said Ruth Bell, the study's lead researcher.

Birth defect is a physical anomaly which is recognizable at birth and which is significant enough to be considered a problem.

'Any reduction in high glucose levels is likely to improve the chances of a healthy baby. All young women with diabetes need to know about preparing for pregnancy, and should contact their doctor or diabetes team as soon as possible if they are thinking about pregnancy or become pregnant,' Bell added

LIST OF DOS TO GET PREGNANT

Posted by Elizebath Bijoy Thursday, January 26, 2012 1 comments

From what you eat to having sex daily, here's a list of do's to help you concieve 

From wives to mothers, you've heard all the old tales necessary to bring home the baby pitter-patter. Information overload often makes it difficult to sieve out unnecessary information. Here's a low-down on things you can incorporate to aid the process. 

Have sex every day 
By far the best thing to do for wannabe mums and dads. Researchers claim that having sex every day can boost not only the quality of a man's sperm but also its ability to move about. Additionally, regular sex clears sperm from the testicles, preventing the natural build-up of DNA damage as it sits in the body. 

Observe your diet 
A healthy, varied and balanced diet is especially important when you're trying for a baby to keep your body's hormone levels normal. Avoid foods high in fat and sugar as well as highly salted and overprocessed foods. Good foods to work into your diet are: one portion of full-fat dairy a day (believed to improve ovarian function) and eight glasses of water a day (for plump egg follicles and to create a strong blood supply to the womb lining). Also orange fruit and vegetables such as carrots and peaches help produce female sex hormones needed for ovulation. Men should eat between one and four portions of oily fish like salmon or mackerels a week (good for sperm development, quality and mobility) and garlic. 

Check your weight 
Too much or too little body fat can make your periods irregular or stop them completely, which can make conceiving difficult. Likewise, if you carry too much weight around the stomach it can affect your hormone balance and impair fertility. But don't crash diet as this can play havoc with your hormones. Shifting even a little weight will boost your chances. 

Consider your lifestyle 
Over-the-counter medicines and antihistamines can deplete the body of vital nutrients, and being on the pill for many years can have an impact on women understanding their own natural cycle. Cut back on caffeinated drinks. It has been proved that more than one cup of coffee a day can increase the time it takes to conceive by up to 50 percent. Smoking is a big no no. If your man likes long hot baths get him to swap them for brisk showers as sperm needs cool surroundings to survive. 

Exercise helps 
A study found running for 40 minutes, three times a week to lower cortisol and reduce stress. Couples who exercise regularly not only find it easier to conceive but are also more likely to carry a healthy full-term pregnancy, experiencing fewer complications such as diabetes and high blood pressure. 

Body-clocks and fertility 
Your 20s 
In your 20s, you've about a 25 per cent chance of getting pregnant in any single ovulation cycle. Your chances of conceiving within a year of trying are about 98 per cent in your early 20s and about 84 per cent by your late 20s. Experts say the average woman's fertility peaks around 24. 

Your 30s 
There's a clear drop-off in fertility between ages 29 and 35, so if you leave it a little later to start a family, you should be prepared for it to take longer for you to conceive. Overall, in your 30s you have about a 15 percent chance of getting pregnant in an ovulation cycle and your chances of conceiving within a year of starting to try are about 75 per cent. 

Your 40s 
In your 40s you have about a five percent chance of getting pregnant in any single menstrual cycle, and your odds of getting pregnant at 41 are much better than they are at 43.

Reference: Health Article


Data from 44 studies showed women with an unwanted pregnancy have a higher incidence of mental health problems in general.
This is not affected by whether or not they have an abortion or give birth.
But anti-abortion campaigners said the review sought to "minimise" the psychological effect of terminating a pregnancy.
Experts from the National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health (NCCMH) used the same research methods they use to assess evidence on other mental health issues for NICE.
The work - funded by the Department of Health - came after concerns that abortion may adversely affect a woman's mental health.
Usually, a woman's risk of suffering common disorders such as anxiety or depression would be around 11-12%.
But the researchers said this rate was around three times higher in women with unwanted pregnancies.
'Equal risks'
The director of NCCMH, Prof Tim Kendall, said: "It could be that these women have a mental health problem before the pregnancy.
"On the other hand, it could be the unwanted pregnancy that's causing the problem.
"Or both explanations could be true. We can't be absolutely sure from the studies whether that's the case - but common sense would say it's quite likely to be both.
"The evidence shows though that whether these women have abortions - or go on to give birth - their risk of having mental health problems will not increase.
"They carry roughly equal risks.
"We believe this is the most comprehensive and detailed review of the mental health outcomes of abortion to date worldwide."
Prof Kendall said many previous studies had failed to adequately control for instances when women previously had mental health problems.
After a project which involved a three-month consultation, the researchers believe it would not "be fruitful" to carry out further studies into how pregnancies are resolved.
They say future work should concentrate on the mental health needs associated with an unwanted pregnancy.
Support need
Dr Roch Cantwell, a consultant perinatal psychiatrist who chaired the steering group, said the review was called for in 2008.
He said: "At that time, the Royal College of Psychiatrists issued a position statement saying the evidence on abortion and mental health was imperfect and conflicting.
"We all recognise abortion is a very sensitive and emotive topic. Our aim was not to debate the moral and ethical issues, but to focus on the available scientific evidence."
The scope of the review excluded reactions such as guilt, shame and regret - although these were considered important - and also assessments of mental state within 90 days of an abortion.
This was because the research was not about "transient reactions to a stressful event".
Sophie Corlett, director of external relations at the mental health charity Mind, said: "It is important that medical professionals are given the correct information to provide support for all women, but particularly those with a pre-existing history of mental health problems.
"This study makes it absolutely clear that this group is at the greatest risk of developing post-pregnancy mental health problems and should be given extra support in light of this."
Dr Kate Guthrie, speaking for RCOG, said: "Abortion, including aftercare, is an essential part of women's healthcare services, alongside access to contraception and family planning information."
And, in a statement the sexual health charities FPA and Brook said: "This review of evidence will reassure women who have had or are thinking about having an abortion that it's a safe procedure with no direct impact on their mental health."
'False belief'
However, a spokeswoman for the ProLife Alliance said: "Once again the politics of abortion blinds those who should be rigorously objective in assessing epidemiological evidence.
"This is a pick-and-mix report trying to minimise the psychological effects of termination of pregnancy in a way which does our so-called medical experts little credit."
And Dr Peter Saunders, chief executive of the Christian Medical Fellowship, said: "This new review shows that abortion does not improve mental health outcomes for women with unplanned pregnancies, despite 98% of the 200,000 abortions being carried out in this country each year on mental health grounds.
"This means that when doctors authorise abortions in order to protect a woman's mental health they are doing so on the basis of a false belief not supported by the medical evidence.
"In other words the vast majority of abortions in this country are technically illegal."
Reference: BBC health 
Public Health Minister Anne Milton said: "We are pleased to see the conclusions of this important review.
"The findings will be one of the many sources of information that we will use to inform our sexual health document that will be published next year.
"What is clear is that having an unwanted pregnancy has implications for people's mental health and wellbeing."

FISH OIL IN PREGNANCY MAY NOT BOOST BABIES VISIONARY

Posted by Elizebath Bijoy Monday, June 6, 2011 4 comments


NEW YORK (Reuters Health) – Expectant moms who take fish oil supplements may not be doing much to sharpen their babies' vision, a new study suggests.
The findings fly in the face of some earlier research that had suggested docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is found in fish oil, improves vision in preterm babies who are given supplements in their first few months of life.
DHA is an omega-3 fatty acid involved in brain and visual development. Since the substance passes through the placenta primarily later in pregnancy, preemies miss out on much of their prenatal supply.
So extra DHA after birth might help make up for that.
In the new study, Australian researchers looked at whether prenatal fish oil helps improve vision in full-term infants.
They tested visual acuity in 185 4-month-olds whose mothers had been randomly assigned to either take DHA-rich fish oil capsules or a placebo (vegetable oil capsules) every day, from mid-pregnancy until delivery.
Overall, there was no benefit of DHA on infants' vision, the researchers report in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
It's not clear why the supplements didn't have an impact, despite the benefits seen in preemies given DHA after birth.
But one reason may be that preemies need the extra DHA, whereas full-term babies get all they need for normal visual development while still in the womb, according to Dr. Maria Makrides, the lead researcher on the study.
"I think that if women are well nourished and have a good, varied diet, then supplementation with DHA during pregnancy to enhance visual development for their unborn baby is not necessary," Makrides, of the Women's and Children's Health Research Institute in North Adelaide, Australia, told Reuters Health in an email.
Researchers are still studying whether there might be other benefits for infants' development. But studies so far have come to mixed conclusions.
In a study published last year, Makrides' team found no evidence that fish oil during pregnancy boosted babies' cognitive and language skills at the age of 18 months (see Reuters Health story of October 19, 2010).
Makrides said that this and other studies are pointing out the fact that full-term babies born to well-nourished moms generally do well developmentally -- and it may be hard to improve upon that with DHA supplements.
There may be other benefits of fish oil during pregnancy. Some studies have suggested that it can curb the risk of preterm birth, for example, but the jury is still out on that question.
In general, experts recommend that pregnant women strive for 200 milligrams of DHA per day. Some prenatal vitamins now carry the fatty acid, which is also present in fish -- especially fatty ones like salmon, mackerel and tuna.
However, since fish can be contaminated with mercury, doctors advise pregnant women to limit themselves to two fish meals per week. They should also choose fish that have omega-3s but are likely to have low mercury levels, such as salmon, canned light tuna and shrimp.
Certain fish -- shark, swordfish, king mackerel and tilefish -- should be completely avoided during pregnancy, because they can have high mercury levels.
Makrides said her team is continuing to follow the children in this study to see if fish oil during pregnancy makes any difference in cognitive and language skills at age four.
As for visual development, if fish oil has any benefit for full-term babies, it would be most evident early in life.
"By the end of infancy," Makrides said, "it would be much harder to find differences between groups, as visual development would be well advanced."

FOLIC ACID PROTECTS OFF SPRINGS FROM COLON CANCER

Posted by Elizebath Bijoy Sunday, May 29, 2011 0 comments

Toronto: Folic acid supplements given to pregnant and breast-feeding females, reduced the rate of colon cancer in their offspring by 64 percent, based on mice studies.
The research, led by Young-in Kim, gastroenterologist at St. Michael's Hospital, is the first to find that folic acid supplements at the level ingested by women of childbearing age 'significantly protects against the development of colorectal cancer in the offspring.'

Folate is known to help make DNA and help it replicate. Natural folate is found in grains and dark, leafy vegetables, reports the journal Gut. 'It appears that giving folic acid during pregnancy and lactation reduces DNA damage and suppresses the proliferation of cells in the colon,' Kim said, according to a St. Michael's statement. 'It actually increases the stability of the DNA and this might be one of the mechanisms of how folic acid in utero may protect against colon cancer.'

The amount of folic acid to which foetuses are exposed has increased dramatically in North America in the past decade. Women are routinely advised to take folic acid supplements before becoming pregnant and while pregnant to prevent neural tube birth defects such as spina bifida.Since 1998, the Canadian and US governments have required food manufacturers to add folic acid to white flour, enriched pasta and cornmeal products as a way of ensuring women receive enough of the B vitamin. 

OVEREATING DURING PREGNANCY CAN CAUSE LONG TIME OBSEITY

Posted by Elizebath Bijoy Wednesday, May 25, 2011 0 comments

London: Overeating during pregnancy makes women vulnerable to obesity for a lifetime, latest research has revealed.

Study leader Abigail Fraser of Bristol University said women should avoid overeating, particularly in the first six months when extra weight is laid down as fat before the baby really needs it for growth.

Although weight gain during pregnancy is natural as the baby develops, the number of women who suffer from pregnancy obesity has more than doubled in the past 20 years, reports the Daily Mail.

The long-term Bristol study found that those who gained more than the recommended amount of weight during pregnancy were three times as likely to be overweight, obese or become "apple-shaped" 16 years later.

But women who began pregnancy at a healthy weight and who gained only a little weight were much less likely to go on to become fat and develop health-related problems.



Reference: Daily mail

DIET BOOSTER WARDS OFF PREGNANCY SYNDROME

Posted by Elizebath Bijoy Tuesday, May 24, 2011 0 comments

PARIS — A dietary supplement of amino acid and antioxidant vitamins can reduce the risk for pregnant women of a dangerous condition called pre-eclampsia, according to a study released on Friday.


Affecting five percent of first-time pregnancies, pre-eclampsia leads to abnormally high blood pressure, protein build-up in urine, and swelling in the feet and ankles.
Its causes are unknown and the only way to alleviate potentially life-threatening symptoms is to give birth.
Earlier research showed a link to a deficiency in L-arginine, an amino acid that helps to maintain a healthy blood flow during pregnancy.
Some experts have also suggested that antioxidant vitamins can help ward off the condition.
Researchers led by Felipe Vadillo-Ortego at National University in Mexico City designed a study to find out if a combination of L-arginine and antioxidants would prevent onset.
Some 750 pregnant women in Mexico City at high risk of pre-eclampsia were randomly divided into three groups.
A third received daily food bars containing both L-arginine and antioxidant vitamins, a third bars containing only vitamins, and a third placebo bars.
The supplements began when women were around 20 weeks pregnant and continued until delivery.
The proportion of women developing pre-eclampsia was 30.2 percent in the placebo group, 22.5 percent in the vitamin only group, and 12.7 percent in the L-arginine plus vitamin group.
The dietary supplement also significantly reduced the risk of premature birth compared with placebo, said the study, published online by the British Medical Journal.
“This relatively simple and low-cost intervention may have value in reducing the risk of pre-eclampsia and associated preterm birth,” the authors conclude.
Further study is needed, however, to determine whether these results can be repeated.

Mobile use in pregnancy ups risk of kid's bad behaviour

Posted by Elizebath Bijoy Sunday, April 10, 2011 0 comments

London: Pregnant women who regularly use mobile phones are likely to up the risk of bad behaviour in their children.


If their offspring then start using the devices at an early age, the chances of problems rise to 50 percent, according to researchers.

They found that those exposed to mobile phones in the womb had a 30 percent rise in behavioural difficulties at the age of seven, reports the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, which also mirrored an earlier study by the survey team. 

Leeka Kheifets from University of California in Los Angeles who led the study said both sets of results 'demonstrated that cell phone use was associated with behavioural problems at age seven years.'

Those exposed before birth and in their childhood were 50 percent more likely to have behavioural problems than those exposed to neither, according to the Daily Mail.

Children who used mobiles but were not exposed in the womb were 20 percent more likely to display abnormal behaviour.

However, some British scientists were sceptical, saying the findings may be due to lifestyle factors rather than mobiles.

In the study of 29,000 youngsters, mothers provided details of their lifestyle, diet and environment during and after pregnancy. 

Longer breast feeding helps babies develop bigger brains

Posted by Elizebath Bijoy Thursday, March 31, 2011 0 comments

London: Breast feeding for longer stretches could be a safe way to help babies develop bigger brains.

A three-year study of 128 mammal species, including humans, found that longer pregnancies and longer suckling times produce bigger brains in babies, possibly leading to a higher IQ.

The study suggests that women who breastfeed their babies for up to three years following nine-month pregnancies have a long period of dependency because it is required to support the growth of 1,300cc brains, the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reports.

But animals such as fallow deer, which have roughly the same body weight as humans, are pregnant for just seven months with a suckling period of up to six months.

This results in 220cc brains, six times smaller than human brains, according to the Daily Mail.

Robert Barton, anthropologist from Britain's Durham University, said: 'We have discovered that brain growth in babies is linked to the amount of time and energy mothers invest in their child.'

'There is a strong relationship between specific issues in the way a mother invests in producing her offspring and a link between growth of the foetus and length of gestation.'

The scientists focused on brain and body size, maternal investment and life history variables in mammals such as gorillas and whales.

Mobile use in pregnancy ups risk of kid's bad behaviour

Posted by Elizebath Bijoy Thursday, March 24, 2011 0 comments

London: Pregnant women who regularly use mobile phones are likely to up the risk of bad behaviour in their children.


If their offspring then start using the devices at an early age, the chances of problems rise to 50 percent, according to researchers.

They found that those exposed to mobile phones in the womb had a 30 percent rise in behavioural difficulties at the age of seven, reports the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, which also mirrored an earlier study by the survey team. 

Leeka Kheifets from University of California in Los Angeles who led the study said both sets of results 'demonstrated that cell phone use was associated with behavioural problems at age seven years.'

Those exposed before birth and in their childhood were 50 percent more likely to have behavioural problems than those exposed to neither, according to the Daily Mail.

Children who used mobiles but were not exposed in the womb were 20 percent more likely to display abnormal behaviour.

However, some British scientists were sceptical, saying the findings may be due to lifestyle factors rather than mobiles.

In the study of 29,000 youngsters, mothers provided details of their lifestyle, diet and environment during and after pregnancy. 

Passive smoking increases stillbirth risk, says study

Posted by Elizebath Bijoy Monday, March 14, 2011 0 comments


Fathers-to-be should stop smoking to protect their unborn child from the risk of stillbirth or birth defects, scientists say.
University of Nottingham researchers found that pregnant women exposed to smoke at work or home increased their risk of stillbirth by 23% and of having a baby with defects by 13%.
They looked at 19 previous studies from around the world.
A UK expert said it was "vital" women knew the risks of second-hand smoke.
The studies used to pull this research together were carried out in North America, South America, Asia and Europe.
All the studies focused on pregnant women who did not smoke themselves but were passive smokers due to their proximity to a partner who smoked or work colleagues who smoked.
The combined data from the studies suggests that being exposed to more than 10 cigarettes a day is enough for the risks to be increased.

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It is very important that men quit smoking before trying for a baby.”
Dr Jo Leonardi-BeeUniversity of Nottingham
However, the University of Nottingham study did not find an increased risk of miscarriage or newborn death from second-hand smoke - only an increased risk of still birth and birth defects.
The results did not point to a link with any specific congenital birth defect.
Impact on sperm development
The researchers say fathers who smoke should be more aware of the danger they pose to their unborn child.
Previous research has shown that women who smoke during their pregnancy create serious health risks for their unborn baby, including low birth weight, premature birth and a range of serious birth defects such as cleft palate, club foot and heart problems.
Dr Jo Leonardi-Bee, lead researcher of the study and associate professor in medical statistics at the University of Nottingham, said they still did not know when the effects of the second-hand smoke begin.
"What we still don't know is whether it is the effect of sidestream smoke that the woman inhales that increases these particular risks or whether it is the direct effect of mainstream smoke that the father inhales during smoking that affects sperm development, or possibly both.
"More research is needed into this issue although we already know that smoking does have an impact on sperm development, so it is very important that men quit smoking before trying for a baby."
Dr Leonardi-Bee added: "The risks are related to the amount of cigarettes that are smoked so it is therefore very important for men to cut down.
"Ultimately though, in the interests of their partner and their unborn child, the best option would be to give up completely."
Andrew Shennan, professor of obstetrics at St. Thomas' Hospital in London and spokesperson for baby charity Tommy's, said: "It is vital that women are made aware of the possible risks associated with second-hand smoke and alert those around them of the impact it could potentially have on the health of their unborn baby.
"The chemicals in cigarettes are known to significantly increase the risk of serious pregnancy complications."

Alternative to IVF treatment bears fruit

Posted by Elizebath Bijoy Saturday, March 12, 2011 0 comments


London:  A couple revealed that they were the first to conceive with an IVF alternative dubbed the "fertility sat nav".
Marie and Mirco Martinelli believed they would never be able to have children after three miscarriages in just two years. They signed up for IVF but were told there was a two-year waiting list for treatment.
So they took part in a trial for DuoFertility, a ground-breaking temperature measuring device that promised pregnancy within 12 months.

They began using the device in January 2009 and were delighted when Marie became pregnant just after seven months.
Baby Alec was born on March 20 this year and is the first baby to be born through the device — which claims to be statistically as good as IVF.
In May 2008, the couple decided their only option was to use fertility treatment — but lost hope when they were told of the lengthy waiting list for IVF.
Non-invasive device
Shortly after, Marie noticed an ad for DuoFertility — a small coin sized patch which takes 20,000 temperature readings every night to pinpoint the exact moment of ovulation.
The non-invasive device comprises a tiny patch thermometer worn under the arm. It alerts a woman to the moment her temperature rises half a degree as a result of ovulation.

Hypnobirthing - painless gain

Posted by Elizebath Bijoy 0 comments


News that Britain's National Health Service is launching an 18-month study of "hypnobirthing" to try to cut the use of epidurals and other painkillers during childbirth — six out of ten mothers in some hospitals rely on expensive medicines — has resurrected an old debate. Is intense pain unavoidable or is it triggered by fear and tension? The new study, at Central Lancashire University and involving more than 800 women, will investigate self-hypnosis techniques which induce a deep sense of relaxation. "The women will have a 90-minute training session and are given a CD they can listen to," says Professor Soo Downe, a midwifery specialist who is leading the trial. Some women already extol its virtues: "I can't imagine how anyone gives birth without it," was one comment on the Hypnobirthing UK website. "The technique kept me calm and in control throughout labour so the contractions were no problem."
The naysayers
Other mothers have greeted the idea with derision. "I wanted a ‘natural' childbirth, partly because I was worried about the side-effects of medicines," recalls one, whose only child, a son, is now five. (Pethidine, commonly used in labour, can cause nausea and drowsiness, while epidurals are associated with a higher risk of interventions such as forceps.) "I practised relaxation, yoga and breathing techniques for months. But when it came to the crunch, the pain was indescribable and none of the techniques I had learnt made it easier. I wanted an epidural but by the time I asked it was too late. I don't think hypnotherapy would work any better."
"The pain can be intense,'' says Dr Katrina Erskine, consultant obstetrician at the Homerton Hospital, London, who has had three children. It can be hard to bear, she says, if a labour is prolonged or complicated, or if a woman gets exhausted. "We need to have epidurals and other pain relief available so women can access them if necessary." And Maureen Treadwell, of the Birth Trauma Association, is concerned that "women who genuinely want pain relief in labour may be denied it". The idea that pain is the result of anxiety, and can be eliminated through relaxation techniques, was first aired in the 1930s by Dr Grantly Dick-Read, the obstetrician regarded as the founder of the natural childbirth movement.
A follower of his, an American called Marie Mongan (she had four children using his techniques) developed "hypnobirthing", now used in more than 26 countries.
The surge to let go
Some practitioners say self-hypnosis is intended to help women experience contractions not as pain but as "surges".
"When the ‘surges' come, women learn to let go rather than fight them," says Renee Buchanan, a hypnotherapist from Scotland and member of the UK's Hypnobirthing Advisory Board. She says many first-time mothers are frightened of birth, which exacerbates pain levels.
Maggie Howell, a hypnotherapist based in Guildford who specialises in childbirth, believes that hypnotherapy cannot give a pain-free guarantee but the relaxation it induces can alter physiological responses, helping the body to cope better. "When a woman is relaxed, breathing is even and rhythmic so she is getting plenty of oxygen, which stimulates the production of oxytocin and endorphins (natural painkillers). Her blood pressure remains stable and her body conserves more energy for when the contractions get stronger.'' Most experts believe yoga, breathing, birthing pools and hypnotherapy can help women cope better with pain; but conventional pain relief must always be available. Visit Hypnobirthing.co.uk and Natalhypnotherapy.co.uk for details.

Fluoride layer too thin to protect teeth

Posted by Elizebath Bijoy Monday, March 7, 2011 0 comments

London: Fluoride in some toothpaste and mouthwash, believed to prevent tooth decay, may actually be ineffective as the so-called protective layer it forms is too thin, scientists say.

Experimental physicist Frank Müller and colleagues from Saarland University in Germany point out that tooth decay was a major public health problem worldwide, the journal Langmuir reports.

In the US, consumers spend more than $50 billion every year on treating cavities.

Scientists have known that fluoride makes enamel - the hard white substance covering the surface of teeth - more resistant to decay, said a Saarland university statement.

New research found that the fluorapatite layer formed in this way was only six nanometers thick.

It would take almost 10,000 such layers to div the width of a human hair. That's between 10 to 100 times thinner than what previous studies indicated.

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